Method of making garment-pads.



PATENTED DEG. 1'7, 1907.

G. GOLDMAN.

METHOD OF MAKING GARMENT PADS.

APPLIOATION FILED MAE. 5, 1907.

3 $HEETS-SHEBT 1.

avwantoz (litmus J MA A x1. I 9. A 1 A L 1 1 A 19% m mom PATENTED DEC.17, 1907.

' r G. GOLDMAN.

METHOD OF MAKING GARMENT PADS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5, 1907.

3 SHEETS-8HEET 2.

dzran Witnesses 3 a 'M I a %ovw M l z mv-ui i fl mow PATENTED DEC. 17,1907.

G. GOLDMAN. METHOD OF MAKING GARMENT PADS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5, 1907.

3 SHBETSSHEET 3.

Q/Vi kn eases the exterior surface,

GUSTAV GOLDMAN, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

METHOD OF MAKING GARIENT-PADS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 17, 1907.

Application filed March 5, 1907. Serial No. 360,705.

To all whom itv may concern:

Be it known that l, GUSTAV GOLDMAN, of Baltimore, Maryland, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Methods of Making Garment-Pads,which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to the manufacture of garment pads, and vide aprocess whereby such pads may be formed with the required slope or taperof with the necessary resiliency of the fibrous materials of which thepads are composed, and with a minimum amount of material and labor.

lleretofore garment pads have been made by hand by placing the body offibrous material upon a piece of woven fabric cut in a crescent or otherdesired shape, the operator placing her hand upon the fiber and pullingit off around the edges to cause it to conform to the desired outline,and piling other layers of fiber upon the fibers first laid down until apad of approximately the desired weight, thickness and taper is secured,after Which the pad thus constructed is tested in a testing machine toascertain if it is of the desired height or thickness. If found to betoo thick, some of the fiber is removed; if found to be too thin, fiberhas to be added, after which the pad is weighed to ascertain if therequired amount of fiber is in the pad, and if the Weight is found to beimproper, additional changes have to be made in the pad.

Another method consists in cutting orstam ing crescent-shaped pieces ofdifferent sizes from sheets of fibers, and superimposing these one uponanother to form the finished pad. Still anothermethod is that of layingdown carded fibers by a carding engine or engines with or withoutsuitable binding material between the fibers then passing the fibersover a suitable heating table and forming rollers; then skiving outsuitable transverse channels in the strip of fibers; and then cuttingthe pads from such skived strip. Other similar methods have beenemployed, but the above are sufficient to indicate in a general way themethods in commercial use prior to the date of the present invention. Inall of these there is more or less waste of material, which necessarilyadds to the cost of the finished article. Furthermore, in all except thelast-named process there is more or less lack of uniformity in thefinished pads, and this itself is an undesirable effect.

The object of the present invention is to has for its object toprolayer; then cuttin provide a process whereby the necessary taper ofthe exterior surface of the pad may be obtained without destroying theresiliency of the fibers, and with the utmost possible economy ofmaterial and labor in the manufacture thereof.

With this object in view, the invention consists, broadly stated, inlaying down a plurality of layers of batting or wedding of fibrousmaterial (such as cotton batting or wadding) one upon the other, theseveral layers differing in width, preferably decreasing in width fromthe bottom to the top the pad from this tapering pile of stri s obatting or wadding, after which a final ayer of fibrous material of theshape of the cut pad or other suitable shape is stitched to one or bothfaces of the pad.

More specifically speaking, the invention consists in laying down aseries of long strips of batting or wadoing of fibrous material such ascotton batting or wadding, one upon the other, which strips graduallydecrease in width, preferably with the bottom strip as the Widest andthe decreasing width being a gradual decrease so that the top stri isthe narrowest, whereby thereis obtaine a long pile of strips whichslopes from its highest longitudinal line toward one or both edges ofthe pile; then cutting said pile into transverse sections ,the ends ofthe sections sloping in the same or reverse directions, as may bedesired, then dividing the sections to form a pair of pads, and then.covering the face (and in some cases both faces) of each pad with alayer of fibrous material, preferably a woven fabric, and stitching saidlayer or layers to the pad. While by preference the strips are laid orpiled in the order of their widths with the widest strip at the bottomand the narrowest at the top, such arrangement of the strips in the pileis not essential, as any desired order of arrangement of the strips ofdifferent widths in the pile will result in a pile tapering from its hihest longitudinal line towards one or both edges of the pile.

In laying down the long strips one upon the other, they may be laid withtheir longitudinal centers one immediately above the other, in whichcase the pile will slope equally towards both edges or the pile may beformed so that the longitudinal center of each strip is shifted slightlyto one side of the longitudinal center of the strip immediately beneathit, whereby the pile will slope or taper towards each edge, but therewill be a more gentle slope. towards one edge than towards the other; orthe longitudinal strips may be laid down with one edge of each strip inthe same. verl ical plane as one edge of each of the other strips,whereby a pile. will be obtained with one vertical edge or face and onesloping or tapering side or face. strips to form pads, they may bedivided by rectangular transverse cuts into sectlons of any desiredlength, and these sections then divided by a ihrect diagonal verticalcut so as to form the rectangular section into pads. The ,pads may betriangular in form or not, depending upon the character of the diagonalcut. ll this cut extends from one corner of the section across to theother diagonal corner thereof, the pads will be triangular; if on theother hand, the diagonal cut does not extend from one'diagonal corner tothe other, the pads will be approximately triangular in form, though notabsolutely so. The longi dinal sections may be in the form of squares,in plan, in which case the pads will be in the shape of right-angletriangles having an equal base and altitude, or the sections may beoblong rectangles, in which case the base of the triangular pad will begreater than its altitude.

In dividing the long pile of layers of bat ting into transversesections, the out which thus severs the sections may be, and preferablyis, an inclined transverse cut, the adjacent cuts being inclined inreverse directions, or in the same direction, as may be desired,

so that each section will slope at the ends.

This form of cut absolutely avoids the waste of any material, and all ofthe fibrous material laid down in the long pile of superimposed stripsenters into the finished pads. Moreover, the aggregate length of thepads cut from any given pile will greatly exceed twice the length of thepile. Thus, from a pile sixty inches long sixteen pads nine inches longmay be cut, that is, two pads from each seven and one-half inches inlength of the pile. This is due to the fact that the transverse inclinedcut is at such an angle that only seven and one-half inches of thelength of the pile is required to form each pair of pads, as will bereadily understood from the drawings and description herein. If desired,however, the pile of superimposed strips may have transverse slopingchannels cut at suitable intervals which channels extend nearly throughthe pile, after which the pile is severed into sections by a directtransverse cut. This last method of cutting is the least desirable forthe formation of most kinds of pads, since it requires two operationsand results in some waste of material.

In additionto the substantially triangular form of pad indicated above,other forms of pads may be cut from the ile of fibrous strips in whichthe shapes of t e pads render it impossible to cut from the pile withoutin dividin the )ile of ou s character, and dotted lines are emwaste ofmaterial. Some of these various.

shapes will be hereinafter specifically described.

For the purpose of illustrating themethod of procedure followed inpracticing the invention, the accompanying drawings are referred to, inwhich are shown piles of variployed for indicating the various shapes ofpads \\'ll1('l1 may be cut therefrom. it is to be understood, however,that these drmw ing's are simply for the purpose of illustratlon, limitsof the invention, reference being to the claims for that purpose.

In said drawings-Figure 1 is a plan view of a pile of strips of fibrousmaterial such as cotton battin or wadding, showing strips of and are notdesigned to indicate the haddifl'erent widths superimposed one upon theother, with their longitudinal centers in the same vertical plane; Fig.2 is a like pile with one edge of each strip in the same vertical planeas that of the other strips; Fig. 3 is a pile of strips similar to Fig.1, and is here shown for the purpose of illustrating another form of padwhich may be cut therefrom; Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a pile ofstrips showing the manner of cutting the pile into rectangular sectionsby. reversely inclined transverse cuts; Fig. 5 1s a side elevation ofthe pile of strips showing the manner of forming transverse channels inthe pile, and then dividing the latter into sections by transverse cutsFig. 6 is a perspective View of one form of pad; Fig. 7 is a broken planview illus trating a pile in which the longitudinal centers. of theseveral strips constituting the pile are placed each slightly to oneside of the strip immediately beneath it; Fig. 8 is a sectionalelevation showing a pile in which the strips are arran ed with theWidest one at or about the mid le of the pile with gradually narrowerstrips towards the top and bottom of the pile; and Fig. 9 is aperspective view showing the inclined cuts shown at 7 and 8, Fig. 4.

Referring to 5 each indicate strips of fibrous material such as cottonwadding, in which 1 is the widest strip, 2 is narrower than 1 and isplaced thereon, 3 is narrower than 2 upon-which it rests, 4 is narrowerthan 3 upon which it rests, and 5 is the narrowest of all the stri s andrests upon the stri 4. Each of t e strips 2, 3, 4 and 5 has itsongitudinal center immediately above the longitudinal center of thestrip 1, and preferably the strips are secured together in some suitablemanner, as by a longitudinal line or lines of stitches 6.

Referring to Figs. 4 and 9, 7, 7 are inclined transverse cuts here shownas-parallel to each other, each of the cuts being Fig. 1, numerals 1, 2,3, 4 and inclined transverse cut with the same angle of inclination asthe cuts 7, 7, but inclined in the reverse direction, so that each ofthe sections 9 and 10 will be composed of a pile of strips with the strion one side of the pile much shorter than t at on the other. The section9 will have the topmost strip (that is, the narrowest strip) longer thanthe bottom strip, whereas in section 10 the reverse of this will be thecase. make no appreciable difference in the contour of the finished pad.If desired, all the cuts may be inclined in the same direction, that is,a cut inclined as in dotted lines a: may be used instead of the cuts 8.

As shown inFigs. 1 and 4, the sections 9 and 10 are oblong rectangles,while the section 11 is substantially square in plan View. If it isdesired to make a pad of the form of that shown at 12 in Fig. 6, thesection 9 (Fig. I

4) is divided into two parts by a diagonal line 13 (Fig. Dextending fromone corner of the section across to the other diagonal corner of thesection. If, however, the pads are to be of substantially the outlineshown in plan in the section 10 of Fig. 1, the diagonal line 14 extendacross the section 10 in such a way 'as to are cut from a square section11 by means of diagonal line 15. The triangular sections thus formed arethen covered with a layer of fibrous material, either in the form ofwoven fabric or of Wedding, and corresponding approximately in outlineto the outline of the pad, as shown in full lines in Fig. 6, or havingany other outline, as for example, that shown in dotted lines y in saidfigure, said covering being placed upon one or both sides of the pad, asmay be desired. This covering 16 (Fig. 6) is then preferably stitched tothe pad. by lines of stitching extending through the several layers.Preferably, there is a border-line of stitches 17 extending around twoof the sides of the pad, and a staggered line of stitches 18 wellinsideof the border-line of stitches 17. In some instances, instead of relyingupon the inclined transverse cuts 7 and 8 to give the end tapers to thepad, the pile of strips is provided with transverse channels 19, 19, cuttherein, and the sections are then divided by right-line cuts 20 atsubstantially the lowermost part of the channels 19, as clearly shown inFig. 5. In this way the required slope to the ends of the pads isobtained, but as before stated, the loss of material equals that removedto form the transverse channels 19.

In addition to the shapes of pads illustrated in outline in Fig. 1,other shapes of pads may be out. For example, as shown in Fig. 8, theremay be cut from the pile pads having the outline shown by dotted lines21., in which case the pads would be'thickest This, however, will alongtheir curved edges and tapered to their thinnest part along theirstraight edges. Other forms of pads are shown at 23, 24 and 25. in 2. Itwill be observed from an examination of all of the forms of padsindicated in outline in Figs. 1, 2 and 3,- that the taper. towards thesides of the pads is due to the different widths of'the stripssuperimposed upon each other, and this without reard'to the particularform of pad that is to be out therefrom. It will also be observed thatby following the process herein indi- ,cated and the patterns of padsshown in Fig. 1, the pads may be formed absolutely without any waste'ofmaterial, all of the material which is laid down in the pile of stripsentering into the finished ads.

In forming the pil es of strips, the strips may be superposed one uponthe other by hand, if desired, but manifestly they may be laid down oneupon another by machinery, thereby minimizing the cost and labor. Itwill also be apparent that while the transverse cuts and channelsindicated may be made by the use of suitable hand-tools, they maynevertheless be also cut by the use of suitable machinery, and therebyreduce the labor incident to the formation of the pads to a minimum.

While cotton wadding or batting is referred to herein as illustratingthe fibrous material used, the invention is not limited to cotton fiber,as wadding or batting of other fibers may be used without departing fromthe invention.

What is claimed is:

1. The process of making garment ads, which consists in laying down aseries 0 long strips of fibrous materlal of different Widths one uponanother, then dividing the pile into sections by inclined transversecuts, and then dividing said sections into two parts by a transversecut.

2. The process of making garment ads, which consists in laying down aseries 0 long strips of cotton wadding of different widths one uponanother, then dividing the pile into sections by inclined transversecuts, whereby each section is formed with reversely inclined 0r slopingend portions, and then dividing each section into two similarly shapedpads by a single transverse cut.

3. The process of making garment ads, which consists in laying down aseries 0 long strips of fibrous material of different widths one uponanother, then dividing the pile into ing. each section into twosimilarly shaped pads.. 5; The process of making garment ads,

which consists in laying down a series 0 long pads by a singletransverse cut.

7. The process of making garment ads, whiohconsists in layin down aseries 0 long strips of fibrous materlal of different widths one uponanother, then unitingthe strips together, then dividing the pile intosections aving sloping end portions, then dividing each section into twosimilarly shaped pads, and then stitching a facing of fibrous materialto the ads. p

8. T e. process of making garment ads, which consists in laying down aseries ol long strips of cotton wadding of different widths one uponanother, then stitching the strips together, then dividing the pile intosections having sloping end portions, then dividing each section intotwo similarly shaped ads by a single transverse cut, andthen stitc g afacing of fibrous material 'to the pads;

'9. The process 'of making garment ads,

which consists in layin down a series 0 long strips of fibrous materlalof different widths one upon another, then stitching the stripstogether, and then cutting the pads from t e pile of strips.

which conslsts in laying down a series 0 long strips of cotton waddlngof diiferentwidths one upon another, then stitching the stri s together,then cutting the Reds from the p1 e of strips, and then stitc 'ng afacing of fibrous material to the pads.

12. The process of makin garment pads, which conslsts in forming a longnarrow pile of fibrous strips of different widths, which pile slopesfrom its highest longitudinal line towards its edges, then uniting thestrips of the pile by a line of stitches, then dividing the pile intorectangular longitudinal .SGC'GIOIIS, and then dividing each sectioninto two similar triangularly shaped pads.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

GUSTAV GOLDMAN. f- Witnesses:

WM. J. ROTH, LEM KAHN.

